Springing arrangement for vehicles



Jan. 7, 1936. Y N L N ER 2,026,909

SPRINGING ARRANGEMENT FOR VEHICLES Filed Jan. 26, 1934 Patented Jan. 7, 19,36

srnmcme ARRANGEMENT non VEHICLES Fritz Nallinger, Stuttgart,

Daimler-Benz Germany Aktiengesells'chaft,

, Isslgnor to Stuttgart- Untertnrkheim, Germany, acompany of Germany Application January 26, 193}, Serial No. 708.483

' In Germany February 4, 1933 a '11 Claims.

This invention relates to a springing arrangement with helical springs, more particularly for power-driven vehicles with independently guided wheels. sprung by unguided helical springs and 5 consists essentially in this that, more particularly in the interior of the helical springs, further additional helical springs are arranged which come into action with or without preliminary tension when a large load is applied to the main springs.

The use of .unguided helical springs gives the advantage that the springing works without friction and responds immediately to the smallest shocks. In this way it gives very smooth travel. These properties are further improved according to the invention by dividing thespringing in such a manner that at first a soft springing is obtained and then a harder springing after a certain movement. Accordingly with a small load only the main springs are operated while with a greater load the action of the additional springs is added so as to give harder springing and prevent too great yielding. The latteris especially improved for swinging half axles as otherwise when yielding to a great extent or with a great load the wheels. take up a very oblique position so that the springing is unfavourably influenced, for

' example, on account of the alteration of track and the tyres are subjected to lateral stresses. Preferably, rubber buffers are provided as stops for additional springs so that when the latter become graded transitions.

tional examplesfcr' swinginghalf axles are il- 4s lustrated in Flg's.f1and 2.

' r *a-is the frame, I: the differential casing to which i the half axle c is jointed at the side. Between a spring block it rigidly or 'movably connected with .the half axles and the frame there is arranged so vaccordingto l the helical spring e acting as main spring. ,There 'is also arranged on the frame inside this main spring an additional spring I which is supported, for example, with an initial tension between the rubber buffer 7c and a spring 55 plate i-sliding on the bolt 0 and bearing against ble to obtain a very soft springlngwith soft or the stop h. The axle carries afurther rubber buffer 112., which after yielding through the distance :c, bears against the spring plate 1 and displaces it on the bolt against the action of the additionalsprlng I. a

In Fig. 2 an additional springing without initial tension is provided.

On the axle 0, shown incross-section in this case, a transverse member d1 is arranged. On this rest the two main springs e1 and ez which 1a are drawn in at their last convolutions and are attached to the transverse member or to the frame by fastening members 121, m or 01, 02. I Below the fastening members 01, 02 are suspended by means of further fastening members in, pz, 15

the additional springs 11, f: on the ends of which the stop plates qr, qaare secured. Opposite the latter there are rubber buffers m1, mg on the lower fastening members.

It is clear that the two additional springs are 20 differently adjusted so that they come into action successively when the rubber buffers ml or ma come into contact with the stop plates q1, qz. In the constructional example, for example, a movement of an on the left and a movement of $2 on 25 the right is necessary, the first being madepractically equal to zero. In this way a soft transition to the additional springing is obtained.

The initial tensioning gives the further advantage that the action of the additional spring or 30 springs can commence sufllciently quickly so that at or just after the horizontal position of the swinging half axles there is sufllcient spring force to avoid the cross-leg position of the axles.

If several additional springs with initial tension are used they may be given different tensions.

: 1.: Ina power driven vehicle, a frame, a half axle suspended so as to extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a vehicle 40 wheel on one end of said half axle, an unguided helical spring for supporting the half axle resil- In the accompanying drawing two construeiently with respect to the frame, spring abutments for said helical spring on the frame and at one end of the half axle, a second helical spring arranged concentrically .with respect to'the firstmentioned helical spring and having one end free so as to 'comeinto action and -co-operate with the first-mentioned helical spring only after the latter has been partly compressed and guiding I .means for'the second helical spring'arrangedwithin the first-mentioned helical spring and located 'so as to come into action on the firstmentionedhclical spring being partly compressed.

' 2. Ina powerdriven vehicle, a frame, a half axle suspended so as to extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a vehicle wheel on one end of said half axle, an unguided helical spring for supporting the half axle resil-' iently with respect to the frame, spring abutments for said helical spring on the frame and atone end of the half axle, a second helical spring arranged concentrically with respect to the first-mentioned helical spring and having one end free so as to come into action and co-operate with the first-mentioned helical spring only after the latter has been partly compressed and guiding means for the second helical spring comprising a guiding member projecting from the free end of the second helical spring and a co-operating guiding member on the abutment of the firstmentioned helical spring adjacent the free end of the second spring, one 01' said guiding members being adapted to receive the other guiding member on the first-mentioned helical spring being partly compressed.

3. In a power driven vehicle, a frame, a half axle suspended so as to extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a vehicle wheel on one end of said half axle, an unguided helical spring for supporting the half axle resiliently with respect to the frame, spring abutments for said helical spring on the frame and at one end of the half axle, a second helical spring arranged concentrically with respect to the firstmentioned helical spring and having one end free so as to come into action and co-operate, with the first-mentioned helical spring only after the latter has been partly compressed and guiding means for the second helical spring comprising a guiding member projecting from the free end of the second helical spring and a co-operating guiding member on the abutment of the firstmentioned helical spring adjacent the free end of the second spring, one of said guiding members being of elastic material, said first guiding member having a guide cavity therein into which the second guiding member is arranged to enter on the first-mentioned helical spring being partly compressed.

4. In a power driven vehicle, a frame, a half axle suspended so as to extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a vehicle wheel on one end of said half axle, an unguided helical spring for supporting the half axle resiliently with respect to the frame, spring abutments for said helical spring on the frame and at one end of the half axle, a second helical spring arranged concentrically with respect to the firstmentioned helical spring and having one end free so as to come into action and co-operate with the first-mentioned helical spring only after the latter has been partly compressed and guiding means for the second helical spring arranged within the first-mentioned helical spring and located so as to come into action on the firstmentioned helical spring being compressed, said guiding means comprising a domed elastic meanher and a member having a cavity corresponding ments for said helical spring on the frame and at one end of the half axle, a second helical spring arranged concentrically with respect to the firstmentioned helical spring and having one end free so as to come into action and co-operate with the 5 first-mentioned helical spring only after the latter has been partly compressed and guiding means for the second helical spring comprising a guiding member projecting from the free end of the second helical spring and a co-operating 10 guiding member on the abutment of the firstmentioned helical spring adjacent the free end of the second spring, said co-operating guiding member having a guide opening therein into which the other guiding member is adapted to 15 enter on the first-mentioned helical spring being partly compressed.

6; In a power driven vehicle, a frame, a half axle suspended so as to extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a vehicle 20 wheel on one end of said half axle, an unguided helical spring for supporting the half axle resiliently with respect to the frame, spring abutments for said helical spring on the frame and at one end of the half. axle, a second helical 25 spring arranged concentrically with respect to the first-mentioned helical spring and having one end free so as to come into action and co-operate with the flrst-mentioned helical spring only after the latter has been partly compressed and guidso ing means for the second helical spring comprising a guiding member projecting from the free end of the second helical spring and having an abutment thereon for the second helical spring for maintaining the second helical spring under as initial stress and a co-operating guiding member on the abutment of the first-mentioned helical spring adjacent the free end of the second spring, said co-operating guiding member being adapted, to receive the other guiding member on the flrst- 40 mentioned helical spring being partly compressed.

'7. In a power driven vehicle, a frame, a half axle suspended so as to extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a vehicle wheel on one end of said half axle, an un- 45 guided helical spring for supporting the half axle resiliently with respect to the frame, spring abutments for said helical spring on the frame and at one end of the half axle, a second helical spring arranged concentrically with respect to the firsto mentioned helical spring and having one end free so as to come into action and co-operate with the first-mentioned helical spring only after the latter has been partly compressed and guiding means for the second helical spring comprising 55 a guiding member projecting from the free end of the second helical spring and having an abutment thereon for the second helical springtor maintaining the second helical spring under -initiai stress and a co-operating guiding member on the abutment of the iirst-mentio ed helical spring adjacent the free end of e second spring, said co-operating guiding member having a guide opening thereininto' which the other guiding member is adapted to enter on the ,iirstas mentioned helical spring being partly compressed.

8. In a power. driven vehicle, a frame, a half axle suspended so as to extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a vehicle wheel on one end of said half axle, an tin-7'70 guided'helical spring for supporting the half axle resiliently with respect to the frame, spring abutments for said helical pring on the frame'and at one end of the half axle, a second helical spring arranged concentrically with respect to the firstmentioned helical spring and having one end free so as to come into action and co-operate with the first-mentioned helical spring only after the latter has been partly compressed and guiding means for the second helical spring comprising a guiding member projecting from the free end of the second helical spring and a co-operating guiding member on the abutment of the firstmentioned helical spring adjacent the free end of the second spring, said co-operating guiding member being of elastic material and having a guide opening therein into which the other guiding member is adapted to enter on the firstmentioned helical spring being partly compressed.

9. In a power driven vehicle, the combination as set forth in claim 2 with an abutment of elastic .material for the second helical spring interposed between the frame and the end of the springremote from the co-operating guiding member.

10. In a power driven vehicle, a frame, a half axle suspended so as to extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a vehicle wheel on one end of said half axle, a plurality of helical springs arranged concentrically one within the other; one of said springs being unguided, for supporting the half axle resiliently with respect to the frame, spring abut'ments for the unguided spring on the frame and at one end of the half axle, the other springs having one end free and adapted to come into action and means between the frame and the half axle,

additional springing means arrangedto come into action and co-operate with the first-mentioned springing means only after partial compression of the first-mentioned springing means, retaining means for keeping the additional springing means under initial stress, further additional springing means arranged to come into 20 action and co-operate with the first-mentioned springing means only after further partial compression of. the first-mentioned springing means and retaining means for keeping the last-mentioned springing means under an initial stress 25 different from that of the first-mentioned additional springing means.

FRITZ NALLINGER. 

